Tothema (Tot'hema) ampoules 10ml #20
The drug is used in treatment of: Iron deficiency anemia
Pharmacological action:
Comprehensive preparation containing minerals.
Copper - an indispensable element that is part of the enzymes involved in the breathing process in the body and the process of erythropoiesis. She takes part in the process of red blood and granulocytopoiesis necessary for the maturation and stimulation of reticulocytes and other hematopoietic cells by activation of cytochrome oxidase. Copper also participates in the biochemical processes in the body as a component of electron-transport protein (90% protein levels), that are involved in oxidation reactions of organic compounds with molecular oxygen. With a lack of copper in the body blocks the activity of the copper-containing enzyme superoxide dismutase, which is responsible for the inhibition of lipid peroxidation in cell membranes. The amount of copper in the body is closely related with the metabolism of iron. Iron metabolism disorders (such as iron deficiency anemia) result in a change of the plasma concentration of ceruloplasmin and copper.
Iron stimulates respiration at the cellular level. Participates in the formation of heme (a biochemical complex, which subsequently forms the proteins and enzymes). Heme part of hemoglobin of blood transports the oxygen and carbon dioxide. Iron is also included in the complexes than the heme, for example, in the enzyme ribonucleotide reductase, which is involved in DNA synthesis. The daily requirement of the human body in iron varies from 4 to 33mg while in women it is higher than that of men.
Manganese in the human body acts as an enzyme cofactor different exchange systems, including those that determine the important biochemical and physiological processes: nucleic acid synthesis, hormone metabolism. As copper is a superoxide dismutase composition plays a key role in the regulation of cell metabolism, in particular, controls processes related to free radicals. Involved in the metabolism of blood cells. In combination with the observed improvement of iron uptake both elements as compared to their separate use. The studies demonstrated the participation of manganese in the synthesis of hemoglobin molecules.
Typically, the iron salts are poorly absorbed upon oral administration of drugs, this increases the ability of iron deficiency in the body. Absorption occurs predominantly in the duodenum and proximal small intestine. Ascorbic acid supplementation improves the absorption of the drug. Tea and coffee, due to the alkaloid content - caffeine, reduce the absorption of the drug in the small intestine.
Indications for use:
Iron deficiency anemia irrespective of their origin.
Prevention of iron deficiency anemia in patients at risk (pregnant women, children, adolescents, women of childbearing age, the elderly) in the case where there is no way to ensure intake of the necessary amount of iron from food.
How to use:
The contents of the ampoule were dissolved in a sufficient amount of fluid (liquid may be added to sugar). It is not recommended to dissolve the drug in tea, coffee, milk and drinks that contain alcohol. During treatment, you must strictly adhere to the doctor's recommendation regarding the dosage and mode of administration of the drug. Usually prescribed for adults 2-4 vials of the drug per day for children aged 1 month to 5-10mg drug per 1 kg of body weight per day.
Duration of treatment 3 to 6 months.
In the prevention of iron deficiency anemia in pregnant appoint 50 mg of iron per day, for the last 6 months of pregnancy.
Ampoule open hands, breaking off both ends without the use of nail files.
Take medication on an empty stomach, the advantage of this method is the use of enhanced intake components of the drug. Moreover, if the drug on an empty stomach can cause nausea, it can be taken with or after a meal.
Side effects:
Perhaps the development of allergic reactions, including itching, skin rash, urticaria, rarely may develop anaphylactic reactions.
During treatment possible staining of stool in black, this phenomenon is not harmful to the body and does not require the abolition of the drug.
May develop side effects from the gastrointestinal tract, which include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation (in some cases, dose reduction or withdrawal of the drug).
The preparation may change color enamel, this effect has not harm. To avoid staining of tooth enamel in the preparation must be diluted with water and do not stay long in the oral solution.
Contraindications:
Hypersensitivity to the individual components of the preparation. Anemia is not associated with iron deficiency. Hemochromatosis, hemosiderosis. Gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer in the acute stage. Poisoning by lead salts. Children's age.
Pregnancy:
The drug is used to prevent iron-deficiency anemia in pregnancy and lactation. Undesirable use of the drug during pregnancy to term is less than 4 months.
Interaction with other drugs:
With ciprofloxacin and tetracycline forms complexes, reducing absorption above-mentioned antibiotics. The recommended interval in taking the drug Totem and antibacterial agents is not less than 2 hours.
Salts of magnesium, aluminum, calcium, iron reduces adsorption in the gastrointestinal tract.
Totem reduces the absorption of diphosphates.
Must notify your doctor about taking any other drugs during administration of the drug Totem.
Overdose:
If overdose occur: nausea, vomiting, epigastric pain, diarrhea, shock reactions. With a strong overdose possible necrosis of the gastrointestinal tract.
In case of overdose recommended gastric lavage with 1% solution of baking soda. When exceeding the concentration of iron in the blood of more than 5 mg / ml recommended the appointment of deferoxamine. In other cases, shows a symptomatic therapy.
Product:
Oral solution in dark glass vials 10ml, 10 ampoules in a cardboard tray, tray 2 in a carton.
Storage conditions:
Store in a dry, dark place at a temperature not exceeding 25 degrees Celsius.
Shelf life - 3 years.
After opening the ampoule contents usable for 24 hours.
Ingredients:
1 ml of solution contains:
Iron gluconate (based on iron) - 5 mg;
Manganese gluconate (based on manganese) - 133 g;
Copper gluconate (based on copper) - 70 mcg;
Auxiliaries.
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